高中英语虚拟语气知识点

时间:2024-07-16 22:48:21
高中英语虚拟语气知识点

高中英语虚拟语气知识点

1)虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。

2)条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

16.1 真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况有可能发生。各种结构参见下表:

句 型 条件从句 主句

一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形

祈使句

情态动词一般现在时

例如:If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他来,会带小提琴来的。

典型例题

The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.

A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained

答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。

注意:

1)在真实条件句中,主句不能用be going to表示将来,该用shall, will.

(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.

(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.

2)表示真理时,主句谓语动词不用shall (will) +动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

16.2 非真实条件句

1)虚拟语气可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况,时态的'基本特点是时态往后推移。

a. 与现在事实相反的假设

条件从句 主句

一般过去时(be用were) should(would)等 +动词原形

例如:If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿,会帮助你的。

含义:They are not here, they can’t help you.

b. 与过去事实相反的假设

条件从句 主句

过去完成时 should(would)等+ have+ 过去分词

例如:If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话,我会把这件事告诉他的。

含义:He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.

c. 表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想

条件从句 主句

一般过去时 should/would等 + 动词原形

were+ 不定式

should+ 动词原形

例如:If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 如果你将来成功了,一切都会好的。

If you should succeed, everything would be all right.

If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

含义:You are not likely to succeed, everything will be what it is now.

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